Hungarian and international publications and uses of active substances

The official Hungarian and international literature provides a wide range of theoretical background, scientific studies and practical experience on the active ingredients in the product. It is mandatory for the informed consumer to provide information about what he is buying. These information aims to provide consumers with adequate and complete information and to help them make informed and informed choices by outlining the literature on the physiological effects of bile acids and herbal remedies. This information has been prepared in full compliance with the general provisions of Directive 2011/83/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on consumer protection, the provisions of Directive 2002/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the labelling of foodstuffs and Directive 2005/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council prohibiting unfair business-to-consumer commercial practices, bearing in mind the aim of the legislation to provide consumers with the fullest and most detailed information possible about the product they are buying and its ingredients. The information on the ingredients of the product is for information purposes and does not refer to the overall effects of the product, which are specifically mentioned in the product information.

Use GALLMET products at your own risk and it is recommended that you consult your doctor!

Literature and product guides can be downloaded here in PDF format.

Literature collection on strengthening the immune system

A. Annex

Antiviral properties of Elderberry - Domina Petric, MD - Source: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340236781_Antiviral_properties_of_Elderberry
Botanical drugs and supplements affecting the immune response in the time of COVID-19: Implications for research and clinical practice - Thomas Brendler, Ahmed Al-Harrasi, Rudolf Bauer, Stefan Gafner, Mary L. Hardy, Michael Heinrich, Hossein Hosseinzadeh, Angelo A. Izzo, Martin Michaelis, Marjan Nassiri-Asl, Alexander Panossian, Solomon P. Wasser, Elizabeth M. Williamson - Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ptr.7008
Inhibitory activity of a standardized elderberry liquid extract against clinically-relevant human respiratory bacterial pathogens and influenza A and B viruses – Source: Christian Krawitz1, Mobarak Abu Mraheil†, Michael Stein, Can Imirzalioglu, Eugen Domann, Stephan Pleschka, Torsten Hain -. Source: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6882/11/16
Randomized study of the efficacy and safety of oral elderberry extract in the treatment of influenza A and B virus infections - Z Zakay-Rones, E Thom, T Wollan, J Wadstein - Source: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/147323000403200205
Elderberry Supplementation Reduces Cold Duration and Symptoms in Air-Travellers: A Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial - Evelin Tiralongo, Shirley S. Wee, Rodney A. Lea - Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4848651/
Inhibition of several strains of influenza virus in vitro and reduction of symptoms by an elderberry extract (Sambucus nigra L.) during an outbreak of influenza B/Panama - Z Zakay-Rones, N Varsano, M Zlotnik, O Manor, L Regev, M Schlesinger, M Mumcuoglu https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9395631/
Sambucus nigra extracts inhibit infectious bronchitis virus at an early point during replication - Christie Chen, David M Zuckerman, Susanna Brantley, Michka Sharpe, Kevin Childress, Egbert Hoiczyk and Amanda R Pendleton - Source: https://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1746-6148-10-24
Potential anti-influenza effective plants used in Turkish folk medicine: A review- Seyid Ahmet Sargin - Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7458060/
Black elderberry (Sambucus nigra) supplementation effectively treats upper respiratory symptoms - A meta-analysis of randomised, controlled clinical trials - Jessie Hawkins, Colby Baker, Lindsey Cherry, Elizabeth Dunne Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30670267/

B. Annex

Anti-hyperlipidemia of garlic by reducing the level of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein A meta-analysis - Yue-E Sun PhD, Weidong Wang PhD, Jie Qin MS - Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6392629/
Antiviral potential of garlic (Allium sativum) and its organosulfur compounds: A systematic update of pre-clinical and clinical data - Razina Rouf, Shaikh Jamal Uddin, Dipto Kumer Sarker, Muhammad Torequl Islam, Eunus S. Ali, Jamil A. Shilpi, Lutfun Nahar, Evelin Tiralongo, and Satyajit D. Sarkerf - Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7434784/
Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Garlic (Allium sativum L.): A Review - Gaber El-Saber Batiha, Amany Magdy Beshbishy, Lamiaa G. Wasef, Yaser H. A. Elewa, Ahmed A. Al-Sagan, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack, Ayman E. Taha, Yasmina M. Abd-Elhakim and Hari Prasad Devkota - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32213941/
Assessment report on Allium sativum L., bulbus - Jacqueline Viguet Poupelloz, Lotfi Boudali, Denis Boucaud-Maitre, Elsa Grangier, Ioanna Chinou - Source: https://www.ema.europa.eu/documents/herbal-report/final-assessment-report-allium-sativum-l-bulbus_en.pdf
Efficacy of Garlic and Onion against virus - Neha Sharma - Source: https://pharmascope.org/index.php/ijrps/article/view/1738
Garlic (Allium sativum L.): a potential unique therapeutic food rich in organosulfur and flavonoid compounds to fight with COVID-19 - Sucheta Khubber, Reza Hashemifesharaki, Mehrdad Mohammadi, Seyed Mohammad, Taghi Gharibzahedi - Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7673072/
Garlic for hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials - X J Xiong, P Q Wang, S J Li, X K Li, Y Q Zhang, J Wang - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25837272/
Garlic intake and the risk of colorectal cancer - A meta-analysis- Xi Zhou PhDa, Haihua Qian PhDb, Dan Zhang PhDb, Li Zeng PhDa - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31895803/
Garlic Lowers Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Individuals, Regulates Serum Cholesterol, and Stimulates Immunity: An Updated Meta-analysis and Review - Karin Ried - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26764326/
Garlic consumption and colorectal cancer risk in man: a systematic review and meta-analysis- Manuela Chiavarini, Liliana Minelli, Roberto Fabiani - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25945653/
Identification of potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease and spike receptor from 10 important spices through structure-based virtual screening and molecular dynamics study - Debanjan Sen, Pradip Debnath, Bimal Debnath, Samhita Bhaumik, and Sudhan Debnath - Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7544938/
The effects of allium sativum on immunity within the scope of COVID-19 infection - Mustafa Metin Donmaa, Orcish Donmab https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7265825/
The association of garlic with Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis - Ziyu Li, Xiangji Ying, Fei Shan, Jiafu Ji https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30155945/
Safe and Efficacious Anti-Cytomegalovirus Agents with Therapeutic Activity in vitro - Khalid A. El-Dougdoug, Ahmed R. Sofy, Adel A. Mousa, Mahmoud R. Sofy, Ahmed A. Hmed, Ahmed A. Abbas - Source: http://article.sapub.org/10.5923.j.microbiology.20180802.02.html
Review: antimicrobial properties of allicin used alone or in combination with other medications - Sulin Choo, Voon Kin Chin, Eng Hwa Wong, Priya Madhavan, Sun Tee Tay, Phelim Voon Chen Yong & Pei Pei Chong - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32207097/
Preventing the common cold with a garlic supplement: a double-blind, placebo-controlled survey - P Josling - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11697022/
Plants of the genus Allium as antibacterial agents: from tradition to pharmacy - J Sharifi-Rad, D Mnayer, G Tabanelli, Z Z Stojanović-Radić, M Sharifi-Rad, Z Yousaf, L Vallone, W N Setzer, M Iriti - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27585263/
Natural products as home-based prophylactic and symptom management agents in the setting of COVID-19 - Sai Manohar Thota - Venkatesh Balan - Venketesh Sivaramakrishnan - Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ptr.6794
Allicin as add-on therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis- Xiao-Bei Si, Xu-Min Zhang, Shuai Wang, Yu Lan, Shuo Zhang, Lin-Yu Huo - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31660038/
Cholesterol-Lowering Effect of Allicin on Hypercholesterolemic ICR Mice - Yin Lu, Zhuojin He, Xiuying Shen, Xiaolu Xu, Jie Fan, Shaohua Wu and Deyong Zhang - Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3425886/
COVID-19: Is There Evidence for the Use of Herbal Medicines as Adjuvant Symptomatic Therapy? - Dâmaris Silveira,*† Jose Maria Prieto-Garcia,*† Fabio Boylan, Omar Estrada, Yris Maria Fonseca-Bazzo, Claudia Masrouah Jamal, Pérola Oliveira Magalhães, Edson
Oliveira Pereira, Michal Tomczyk, and Michael Heinrich*† - Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7542597/

C. Annex

Andrographis paniculata Extract (HMPL-004) for Active Ulcerative Colitis - William J Sandborn, Stephan R Targan, Vera S Byers, Dean A Rutty, Hua Mu, Xun Zhang, Tom Tang - Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3538174/
Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees: A Review of Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology - Md. Sanower Hossain, Zannat Urbi, Abubakar Sule, and K. M. Hafizur Rahman - Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4408759/
Andrographolide and its fluorescent derivative inhibit the main proteases of 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV through covalent linkage - Tzu-Hau Shi, Yi-Long Huang, Chiao-Che Chen, Wen-Chieh Pi, Yu-Ling Hsu, Lee-Chiang Lo, Wei-Yi Chen, Shu-Ling Fu, Chao-Hsiung Lina Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7447262/
Andrographolide as a potent and promising antiviral agent - Reshi Latif, Chi-Yong Wang - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33039055/
Andrographolide as a potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 main protease: an in silico approach - Sukanth Kumar Enmozhia, Kavitha Rajaa, Irudhayasamy Sebastineb and Jerrine Josephc - Source: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07391102.2020.1760136
Broad-spectrum antiviral properties of andrographolide - Swati Gupta, K P Mishra, Lilly Ganju - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27896563/
Fah Talai Jone proven effective in improving condition of COVID-19 patients - DTAM– Source: https://www.thaipbsworld.com/fah-talai-jone-proven-effective-in-improving-condition-of-covid-19-patients-dtam/
Harnessing the medicinal properties of Andrographis paniculata for diseases and beyond: a review of its phytochemistry and pharmacology - Agbonlahor Okhuarobo, Joyce Ehizogie Falodun, Osayemwenre Erharuyi, Vincent Imieje, Abiodun Falodun and Peter Langer - Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4032030/
Randomised clinical trial: herbal extract HMPL-004 in active ulcerative colitis - a double-blind comparison with sustained release mesalazine - T Tang, S R Targan, Z-S Li, C Xu, V S Byers, W J Sandborn - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21114791/
COVID-19: Is There Evidence for the Use of Herbal Medicines as Adjuvant Symptomatic Therapy? - Dâmaris Silveira,*† Jose Maria Prieto-Garcia,*† Fabio Boylan, Omar Estrada, Yris Maria Fonseca-Bazzo, Claudia Masrouah Jamal, Pérola Oliveira Magalhães, Edson Oliveira Pereira, Michal Tomczyk, and Michael Heinrich*† - Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7542597/
Thailand Clears Use of Herbal Medicine for Covid-19 Treatment - Suttinee Yuvejwattana - Source: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-12-30/thailand-clears-use-of-herbal-medicine-for-covid-19-treatment
A randomized double blind placebo controlled clinical evaluation of extract of Andrographis paniculata (KalmCold™) in patients with uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection - R.C. Saxena, R. Singh, P. Kumar, S.C. Yadav, M.P.S. Negi, V.S. Saxena, A.J. Joshua, V. Vijayabalaji, K.S. Goudar, K. Venkateshwarlu, A. Amit - Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0944711309003201?via%3Dihub
A randomized, controlled study of Kan Jang versus amantadine in the treatment of influenza in Volgograd - L L Kulichenko 1, L V Kireyeva, E N Malyshkina, G Wikman - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15277072/
Natural products as home-based prophylactic and symptom management agents in the setting of COVID-19 - Sai Manohar Thota - Venkatesh Balan - Venketesh Sivaramakrishnan - Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ptr.6794
Activity of phytochemical constituents of Curcuma longa (turmeric) and Andrographis paniculata against coronavirus (COVID-19): an in silico approach - Kalirajan Rajagopal, Potlapati Varakumar, Aparma Baliwada, Gowramma Byran - Source: https://fjps.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s43094-020-00126-x
Review on liver inflammation and anti-inflammatory activity of Andrographis paniculata for hepatoprotection - Lee Suan Chua - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25043965/
Andrographis paniculata (Chuān Xīn Lián) for symptomatic relief of acute respiratory tract infections in adults and children: A systematic review and meta-analysis - Xiao-Yang Hu, Ruo-Han Wu, Martin Logue, Clara Blondel, Lily Yuen Wan Lai, Beth Stuart, Andrew Flower, Yu-Tong Fei, Michael Moore, Jonathan Shepherd, Jian-Ping Liu, and George Lewith - Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5544222/

D. Annex

An Insight into a Blockbuster Phytomedicine; Marrubium vulgare L. Herb. More of a Myth than a Reality? - Javier Rodríguez Villanueva, Jorge Martín Esteban - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27271209
Phytochemical screening and antiviral activity of Marrubium vulgare - Amal Gaber Salman Fayyad, Nazlina Ibrahim and Wan Ahmad Yaakob - Source: https://mjm.usm.my/uploads/issues/351/5%20Corrected%20proof%20MJM%20580-13.pdf
Marrubium vulgare L.: A Phytochemical and Pharmacological Overview - Milica Aćimović, Katarina Jeremić, Nebojša Salaj, Neda Gavarić, Biljana Kiprovski, Vladimir Sikora, Tijana Zeremski - Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7355696/
Chemical Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Phases Obtained from Extracts of Artemisia herba alba, Marrubium vulgare and Pinus pinaster - Zouhir Djerrou - Source: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273371357_Chemical_Characterization_and_Antibacterial_Activity_of_Phases_Obtained_from_Extracts_of_Artemisia_herba_alba_Marrubium_vulgare_and_Pinus_pinaster
Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant and in vivo anti-inflammatory potentialof white Horehound (Marrubium vulgare) Leaves - N. Ghedadba, Leila Hambaba, Haoues Bousselsela, M. Hachemi - Source: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311206266_Evaluation_of_in_vitro_antioxidant_and_in_vivo_anti-inflammatory_potentialof_white_Horehound_Marrubium_vulgare_Leaves
A methanolic extract of Marrubium vulgare L. suppresses inflammatory responses in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rat - M. Rameshrad, K. Yousefi, F. Fathiazad, H. Soraya, S. Hamedeyazdan, A. Khorrami, N. Maleki-Dizaji, A. Garjani - Source: http://www.rps.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrps/article/view/977/961

E. Annex

Curcuma longa L. ameliorates asthma control in children and adolescents: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial - Gabriel Manarina, Daniela Andersona, Jorgete Maria e Silvaa, Juliana da Silva Coppedeb, Persio Roxo-Juniora, Ana Maria Soares Pereirab, Fabio Carmona - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30991137/
Immunomodulatory activity of curcumin - S Antony, R Kuttan, G Kuttan - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10574627/
Botanical drugs and supplements affecting the immune response in the time of COVID-19: Implications for research and clinical practice - Thomas Brendler, Ahmed Al-Harrasi, Rudolf Bauer, Stefan Gafner, Mary L. Hardy, Michael Heinrich, Hossein Hosseinzadeh, Angelo A. Izzo, Martin Michaelis, Marjan Nassiri-Asl, Alexander Panossian, Solomon P. Wasser, Elizabeth M. Williamson - Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ptr.7008
Curcuma longa L. ameliorates asthma control in children and adolescents: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial - Gabriel Manarina, Daniela Andersona, Jorgete Maria e Silvaa, Juliana da Silva Coppedeb, Persio Roxo-Juniora, Ana Maria Soares Pereirab, Fabio Carmona - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30991137/
Curcumin, a traditional spice component, can hold the promise against COVID 19? - Vivek Kumar Sonia, Arundhati Mehta, Yashwant Kumar Ratre, Atul Kumar Tiwari, Ajay Amit, Rajat Pratap Singh, Subash Chandra Sonkar, Navaneet Chaturvedi, Dhananjay Shukla, Naveen Kumar Vishvakarma - Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0014299920306439
Curcumin Attenuates Allergen-Induced Airway Hyperresponsiveness in Sensitized Guinea Pigs - Arjun RAM, Moumita DAS, Balaram GHOSH - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12843631/
Curcumin attenuates allergic airway inflammation and hyper-responsiveness in mice through NF-kB inhibition - Se-Woong Oha, Joo-Young Chaa, Ji-Eun Junga, Beom-Chol Changa, Hyo-Jung Kwonb, Bo-Ram Leeb, Dae-Yong Kimb. Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20643202/
Curcumin (a constituent of turmeric): New treatment option against COVID-19 - Fatemeh Babaei, Marjan Nassiri-As, Hossein Hosseinzadeh - Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/fsn3.1858
Effects of Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Extract in streptozocin-induced diabetic model - Rana Essa, Ahmed M El Sadek, Marine E Baset, Mohamed A Rawash, Diana G Sami, Marwa T Badawy, Maha E Mansour, Hamdino Attia, Mona K Saadeldin, Ahmed Abdellatif - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31489664/
Efficacy and safety of turmeric and curcumin in lowering blood lipid levels in patients with cardiovascular risk factors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials - Si Qin, Lifan Huang, Jiaojiao Gong, Shasha Shen, Juan Huang, Hong Ren, and Huaidong Hu - Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5637251/
Efficacy of Curcumin as Adjuvant Therapy to Induce or Maintain Remission in Ulcerative Colitis Patients: an Evidence-based Clinical Review - Marcellus Simadibrata, Christopher Christian Halimkesuma, Benedicta Mutiara Suwita - Source: http://www.actamedindones.org/index.php/ijim/article/view/520/pdf
Efficacy of Turmeric Extracts and Curcumin for Alleviating the Symptoms of Joint Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials - James W. Daily, Mini Yang, and Sunmin Park - Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5003001/
IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY OF CURCUMIN - S. Antony, R. Kuttan and G. Kuttan, Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amala Nagar, Thrissur - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10574627/
Influence of piperine on the pharmacokinetics of curcumin in animals and human volunteers - G Shoba, D Joy, T Joseph, M Majeed, R Rajendran, P S Srinivas - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9619120/
Vasodilating, spasmolytic, inotropic and chronotropic activities of curcuminoids from Curcuma longa in isolated organ preparations of guinea pigs - Q U A Jamil, S M Iqbal, W Jaeger, C Studenik - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30279307/
The clinical effect of Nano micelles containing curcumin as a therapeutic supplement in patients with COVID-19 and the immune responses balance changes following treatment: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial - Mehdi Hassaniazad, Behnaz Rahnama Inchehsablagh, Hossein Kamali, Abdolali Tousi, Ebrahim Eftekhar, Mahmoud Reza Jaafari, Mohammad Fathalipour, Sara Nikoofal-Sahlabadi, Hamed Gouklani, Hesam Alizade1 and Amin Reza Nikpoor - Source: https://trialsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13063-020-04824-y
Potential effects of curcumin in the treatment of COVID-19 infection - Fatemeh Zahedipour†, Seyede Atefe Hosseini†, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Muhammed Majeed, Tannaz Jamialahmadi, Khalid Al-Rasadi, Maciej Banach, Amirhossein Sahebkar - Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ptr.6738
Postprandial Responses of Serum Bile Acids in Healthy Humans after Ingestion of Turmeric before Medium/High-Fat Breakfasts-fat_breakfasts - Tannaz Ghaffarzadegan, Yoghatama Cindya Zanzer Elin Östman Frida Hållenius, Sofia Essén, Margareta Sandahl, Margareta Nyman - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31411373/
Oral bioavailability of curcumin: problems and advancements - Weidong Liu, Yingjie Zhai, Xueyuan Heng, Feng Yuan Che, Wenjun Chen, Dezhong Sun, Guangxi Zhai Source: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/1061186X.2016.1157883
Activity of phytochemical constituents of Curcuma longa (turmeric) and Andrographis paniculata against coronavirus (COVID-19): an in silico approach - Kalirajan Rajagopal, Potlapati Varakumar, Aparma Baliwada, Gowramma Byran - Source: https://fjps.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s43094-020-00126-x
Turmeric(Curcumalonga) attenuates food allergy symptoms by regulating type1/type2 helper Tcells (Th1/Th2) balanceinamouse model of food allergy - Hee SoonShin, Hye-JeongSee, SunYoungJung, DaeWoonChoi, Da-AeKwona, Min-Jung Bae, Ki-SeungSung, Dong-HwaShon Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26342520/

F. Annex

Dr. István Tihanyi (physician, iridologist, paediatrician, naturopath): Bile acids – Source: http://www.doktortihanyi.hu/betegseg/epesavak - 2014
Professor Dr. Lóránd Bertók: His life as a researcher (PDF) – Source: unknown
Professor Dr. Lóránd Bertók: Scientific publications – Source: unknown
Professor Dr. Lóránd Bertók: Endotoxin and its biological effects – Source: Studio Physiologia 3, Scientia Publishing House, Budapest - 2000
Dr. Lóránd Bertók Professor, Doctor of Medicine (MTA), Professor Emeritus: The role of bile acids in the physico-chemical protection of the body – Source: Hungarian Science, 2008/07 page 844 - 200
Károly Balog: Is there a cure for sepsis? – Source: unknown
Dr. Gábor Tóth: Allergy and Candida Guide – Source: Science and lifestyle series - 2014
Professor Dr. Lóránd Bertók: Bacterial endotoxins and natural resistance – Source: Hungarian Veterinary Journal 1992/11 - 1992
Dr Jeffrey McCombs - Doctor of Chiropractic: 10 rumours about Candida – Source: unknown
Diavity Magazine: Direct link found between a bacterial toxin and colorectal cancer (PDF) – Source: https://www.diavitas.hu/kozvetlen-osszefuggest-talaltak-egy-bakterium-toxin-es-a-kolorektalis-daganatok-kozott - 2020
Professor Dr Lóránd Bertók: Endotoxin and its biological effects (PDF) – Source: Studia Physiologia 3, 1997, Scientia Kiadó Budapest - 1997
New directions in the therapy of bile acid-induced diseases (PDF) – Source: https://aok.pte.hu/hu/hirek/hir/10510
Endotoxin (PDF) – Source: http://patikapedia.hu/endotoxin
Bile acid loss (PDF) - Naturopath Magazine - Source: http://tgy-magazin.hu/betegsegek-a-tol-z-ig/epeko-es-funkcionalis-epezavarok
Dr Klára Gyurcsovics, Dr Lóránd Bertók, Professor: Pathophysiology of psoriasis: coping endotoxins with bile acid therapy – Source: Pathophysiology 10 (2003) 57-61 - 2003
Dr. Lóránd Bertók Professor: Bile acids in phisico-chemical host defence – Source: Pathophyisology 11 (2004) 139-145 - 2004
Dr. Lóránd Bertók Professor: Conference on immunological and pathological effects of bacterial endotoxins – Source: ANNALES IMMUNOLOGIAE HUNGARICAE - 1969
GY. SZŐCS, TERÉZ CSORDÁS and L. BERTÓK: Effect of Bacterial Endotoxin on Placentation of Rats – Source: Acta Chirurgica Hungarica, 31 (2), pp. 169-174 (1990) - 1990
C. SIMON, L. BERTÓK, M. WINTER and E. MORAY A: The pathophysiology of LPS endotoxins – Source: Academic Publishing House Budapest - 1965
H. SELYE, B. TUCHWEBER, AND L. BERTÓK: Effect of Lead Acetate on the Susceptibility of Rats to Bacterial Endotoxins – Source: Journal of Bacteriology Vol. 91, No. 2 Printed in U.S.A. - 1966
Dr. Lóránd Bertók Professor: The effect of sulfhydryl comfound on the lead acetate induced endotoxin hypersensitivity of rats – Source: National Research Institute for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, Budapest, Hungary - 1968
I. BERCZI, T. BEREZNAY: Stybility of the toxic and serological properties of k. coli endotoxin in the intestinal tract of rats – Source: ANNALES IMMUNOLOGIAE HUNGARICAE - 1968
I. BERCZI, L. BERTÓK, K. BAINTNER and B. VERESS: Experiments to induce endotoxin tolerance and toxic effects by peroraixy administered e. coli endotoxin in rats – Source: Annales Immologiae Hungaricae - 1968
GY. SZŐCS, TERÉZ CSORDÁS and L. BERTÓK: Influence of experimentally induced endotoxemias on the thyroid function of rats – Source: Acta Physiologica Hungarica, Volume 76 (2), pp. 137-141 (1990) - 1990
I. J. Elenkov, K. Kovács, J. Kiss, L. Bertók and E. S. Vizi: Lipopolysaccharide is able to bypass corticotrophin-releasing factor in affecting plasma ACTH and corticosterone levels: evidence from rats with lesions of the paraventricular nucleus – Source: Journal of Endocrinology (1992) 133,231-236 - 1992
Lorand Bertok (Doctor of Medicine (MTA), Honorary Professor: Role of endotoxins and bile acids in the pathogenesis of septic circulatory shock – Source: National Research Institute for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, Budapest - 1997
Lorand Bertok (Doctor of Medicine (MTA), Honorary Professor: Endotoxins and endocrine system – Source: Domestic animal endocrinology Vol. 15(5):305-303, 1998 - 1998
Lorand Bertok (Doctor of Medicine (MTA), Honorary Professor: The Role of Bile Acids in Natural Resistance: Physico-Chemical Host Defence – Source: Natural Immunity - 2005
Lorand Bertok (Doctor of Medicine (MTA), Honorary Professor: New Prospect for the Enhancement of Natural Immunity – Source: Natural Immunity - 2005
G. A. D. HASLEWOOD - Guy's Hospital Medical School, London, S.E.l., England: Bile salt evolution – Source: Journal of Lipid Research, Volume 8, 1967 - 1967
G. A. D. HASLEWOOD - Emiritus Professor o/ Biochemistry in llie University of London: The biological importance of bile salts – Source: North-holland research monographs frontiers of biology - volume 47 - 1961 Alan F. Hofmann, Lee R. Hagey and Matthew D. Krasowski:
Bile salts of vertebrates: structural variation and possible evolutionary significance – Source: Journal of Lipid Research Volume 51, 2010 - 2010
Erica J. Reschly,Ni Ai, Sean Ekins, William J. Welsh, Lee R. Hagey,Alan F. Hofmann, and Matthew D. Krasowski: Evolution of the bile salt nuclear receptor FXR in vertebrates – Source: Journal of Lipid Research Volume 49, 2008 - 2008
Jan Annigan: Beef bile supplement – Source: https://www.livestrong.com/article/549878-beef-bile-supplement/
Schupp AK, Trilling M, Rattay S, Le-Trilling VTK, Haselow K, Stindt J, Zimmermann A, Häussinger D, Hengel H, Graf D.: Bile acids act as soluble host restriction factors limiting cytomegalovirus replication in hepatocytes – Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27170759 - 2016
Stefano Fiorucci, Michele Biagioli, Angela Zampella, and Eleonora Distrutti: Bile Acids Activated Receptors Regulate Innate Immunity – Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6099188/ - 2018
Huan Yan, Bo Peng, Yang Liu, Guangwei Xu, Wenhui He, Bijie Ren, Zhiyi Jing, Jianhua Sui, and Wenhui Li: Viral Entry of Hepatitis B and D Viruses and Bile Salts Transportation Share Common Molecular Determinants on Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide – Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3957944/ - 2014
Yunjeong Kim and Kyeong-Ok Chang: Inhibitory Effects of Bile Acids and Synthetic Farnesoid X Receptor Agonists on Rotavirus Replication – Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3209393/ - 2011
Omata M , Yoshida H, Toyota J, Tomita E, Nishiguchi S, Hayashi N, Iino S, Makino I, Okita K, Toda G, Tanikawa K, Kumada H; Japanese C Viral Hepatitis Network.": A large-scale, multicentre, double-blind trial of ursodeoxycholic acid in patients with chronic hepatitis C – Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17573387 - 2007
Mei Lan Chen, Kiyoshi Takeda and Mark S. Sundrud: Emerging roles of bile acids in mucosal immunity and inflammation – Source: Mucosal Immunology (2019) 12:851-861; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41385-019-0162-4″ - 2019
Harward Medical School: Bile acids may help regulate gut immunity and inflammation – Source: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/01/200103141047.htm – 2020
Sandor Sipka (University of Debrecen), Geza Bruckner (University of Kentucky): The Immunomodulatory Role of Bile Acids – Source: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266582501_The_Immunomodulatory_Role_of_Bile_Acids - 2014
Jing Wang, Richard A. Flavell, Hua-Bing Li: Antiviral immunity: a link to bile acids – Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41422-019-0148-5
Peter Hegyi, Jozsef Maléth, Julian R. Walters, Alan F. Hofmann, and Stephen J. Keely: GUTS AND GALL: Bile acids in regulation of intestinal epithelial function in health and disease – Source: https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/physrev.00054.2017
Stefano Fiorucci1, Michele Biagioli, Angela Zampella, Eleonora Distrutti: Bile Acids Activated Receptors Regulate innate immunity – Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2018.01853/full
Antifungal utility of bile acids - Brian A. Marples, Reginald J. Stretton - Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/US4681876A/en
Bile Acid Metabolism and Signaling - John Y. L. Chiang - Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4422175/
Fountain of youth in bile? Longevity molecule identified - Science Daily – Source: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/09/100915100935.htm?fb
Hijacking SARS-CoV-2/ACE2 Receptor Interaction by Natural and Semi-synthetic Steroidal Agents Acting on Functional Pockets on the Receptor Binding Domain - Adriana Carino, Federica Moraca, Bianca Fiorillo, Silvia Marchianò, Valentina Sepe, Michele Biagioli, Claudia Finamore, Silvia Bozza, Daniela Francisci, Eleonora Distrutti, Bruno Catalanotti, Angela Zampella and Stefano Fiorucci - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33195060/
Ecology of Candida albicans Gut Colonization: Inhibition of Candida Adhesion, Colonization, and Dissemination from the Gastrointestinal Tract by Bacterial Antagonism - MICHAEL J. KENNEDY AND PAUL A. VOLZ - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3897061/
Inhibitory Effects of Bile Acids and Synthetic Farnesoid X Receptor Agonists on Rotavirus Replication - Yunjeong Kim, Kyeong-Ok Chang - Source: Journal of Virology. 2011 Dec; 85(23): 12570-12577.: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3209393/
Viral Entry of Hepatitis B and D Viruses and Bile Salts Transportation Share Common Molecular Determinants on Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide - Huan Yan, Bo Peng, Yang Liu, Guangwei Xu, Wenhui He, Bijie Ren, Zhiyi Jing, Jianhua Sui, Wenhui Licorresponding. Source: Journal of Virology 2014 Mar; 88(6): 3273-3284. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3957944/
A large-scale, multicentre, double-blind trial of ursodeoxycholic acid in patients with chronic hepatitis C. - Omata M, Yoshida H, Toyota J, Tomita E, Nishiguchi S, Hayashi N, Iino S, Makino I, Okita K, Toda G, Tanikawa K, Kumada H - Source: Gut. 2007 Dec;56(12):1747-53. Epub 2007 Jun 15. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2095694/
Viral Capsids and Envelopes: Structure and Function - William Lucas, David M Knipe - Source: Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9780470015902.a0001091.pub2
Postprandial Responses of Serum Bile Acids in Healthy Humans after Ingestion of Turmeric before Medium/High-Fat Breakfasts-fat_breakfasts - Tannaz Ghaffarzadegan, Yoghatama Cindya Zanzer Elin Östman Frida Hållenius, Sofia Essén, Margareta Sandahl, Margareta Nyman - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31411373/
Pathological Aspects of COVID-19 as a Conformational Disease and the Use of Pharmacological Chaperones as a Potential Therapeutic Strategy - Tomohiko Aoe - Source: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.01095
Nomenclature and Significance of Innate/Natural Immune Mechanisms and of Species Specific Resistance - Lóránd Bertók and István Berczi - Source: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Nomenclature-and-Significance-of-Innate%2FNatural-and-Bert%C3%B3k-B%C3%A9rczi/eb90396c6a1a9654672624b0fb51d3ef6d7c0e87
Natural small molecules as inhibitors of coronavirus lipid-dependent attachment to host cells: a possible strategy for reducing SARS-COV-2 infectivity? - Baglivo M, Baronio M, Natalini G, Beccari T, Chiurazzi P, Fulcheri E, Petralia PP, Michelini S, Fiorentini G, Miggiano GA, Morresi A, Tonini G, Bertelli M - Source: Acta Biomed. 2020 Mar 19;91(1):161-164. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7569585/
Epstein-Barr virus - Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epstein%E2%80%93Barr_virus
Herpes virus - Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herpesviridae
National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases - Source: https://www.cdc.gov/epstein-barr/about-ebv.html
Developing a vaccine for the Epstein-Barr virus could prevent up to 200,000 cancers globally say experts – Source: https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-us/cancer-news/press-release/2014-03-24-developing-a-vaccine-for-the-epstein-barr-virus-could-prevent-up-to-200000-cancers-globally-say
Global and regional incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life-years for Epstein-Barr virus-attributable malignancies, 1990-2017 - Gulfaraz Khan, Christina Fitzmaurice, Mohsen Naghavi, and Luai A Ahmed - Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7462312/
Progress and Problems in Understanding and Managing Primary Epstein-Barr Virus Infections - Oludare A. Odumade, Kristin A. Hogquist and Henry H. Balfour, Jr. Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3021204/
Viruses, Wikipedia: - Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus
Virus, Wikipedia: - Source: https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ADrus
Reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus from latency - Wolfgang Amon, Paul J Farrell - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15546128/
Is EBV Persistence In Vivo a Model for B Cell Homeostasis? - Gulfaraz Khan, Emily M. Miyashita, Bin Yang, Gregory J. Babcock, David A. Thorley-Lawson - Source: https://www.cell.com/immunity/fulltext/S1074-7613(00)80493-8
Can natural detergent properties of bile acids be used beneficially in tackling coronavirus disease-19? - Yashwant Kumar, Reena Yadav, Alka Bhatia - Source: https://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/10.2217/fvl-2020-0210
Antiviral and immune-supporting effects of bile acids – Source: https://www.epesavak.hu/virus-immun-szakirodalom
Taurochenodeoxycholic acid ameliorates and ursodeoxycholic acid exacerbates small intestinal inflammation - A Uchida, T Yamada, T Hayakawa, M Hoshino - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9176237/
Taurochenodeoxycholic acid ameliorates and ursodeoxycholic acid exacerbates small intestinal inflammation - Ling Luo, Weili Han, Jinyan Du, Xia Yang, Mubing Duan, Chenggang Xu, Zhenling Zeng, Weisan Chen and Jianxin Chen - Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6321071/
Versatile Bile Acids, Fat-dissolving bile acids may help regulate gut immunity and inflammation - Ekaterina Pesheva - Source: https://hms.harvard.edu/news/versatile-bile-acids?fbclid=IwAR2iWwnY14OVJQPoLtFXemhrtkdkPGFxufga4PLrV3GvtuWJorXLRDLGIB8
International studies about the health indication fields of bile acids: PubMed, The Lancet, BMJ, NEJM

G. Annex

COVID-19: Gastrointestinal Manifestations and Potential Fecal-Oral Transmission - Jinyang Gu, Bing Han, Jian Wang - Source: https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.02.054
COVID-19 Infects GI Tract, a Possible Route of Viral Transmission - David Wild - Source: https://www.idse.net/Article/PrintArticle?articleID=57537
Can melatonin reduce the severity of COVID-19 pandemic? - Alex Shneider, Aleksandr Kudriavtsev & Anna Vakhrusheva - Source: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08830185.2020.1756284
Cytokine Storm – Source: https://www.sinobiological.com/resource/cytokines/cytokine-storm?fbc
Assessment report on Sambucus nigra L., fructus – Source: https://www.ema.europa.eu/documents/herbal-report/final-assessment-report-sambucus-nigra-l-fructus_en.pdf
Experts send vitamin D and Covid-19 to open letter to world's government - Nikki Hancocks - Source: https://www.nutraingredients.com/Article/2020/12/21/Experts-send-Vitamin-D-and-Covid-19-open-letter-to-world-s-governments#
Extract of medicinal plant Artemisia annua interferes with replication of SARSCoV2 in vitro - Sally Robertson B.Sc. - Source: https://www.news-medical.net/news/20210111/Extract-of-medicinal-plant-Artemisia-annua-interferes-with-replication-of-SARS-CoV-2-in-vitro.aspx
Glycyrrhizin in licorice root neutralizes SARSCoV2 in vitro by inhibiting the main protease Mpro- Susha Cheriyedath M.Sc. - Source: https://www.news-medical.net/news/20210105/Glycyrrhizin-in-licorice-root-neutralizes-SARS-CoV-2-in-vitro-by-inhibiting-the-main-protease-Mpro.aspx
Gram-Negative Sepsis: a Dilemma of Modern Medicine - ROGER C. BONE - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8457980/
Gram-negative versus Gram-positive bacteremia: which is more alarmin(g)? - Irene Alexandraki and Carlos Palacio - Source: http://ccforum.com/content/14/3/161
Into the Eye of the Cytokine Storm - Jennifer R. Tisoncik, Marcus J. Korth, Cameron P. Simmons, Jeremy Farrar, Thomas R. Martin, Michael G. Katzea - Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3294426/
Why Some COVID-19 Patients Crash: The Body's Immune System Might Be To Blame? - Geoff Brumfiel - Source: https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/04/07/828091467/why-some-covid-19-patients-crash-the-bodys-immune-system-might-be-to-blame
Selenium and RNA Virus Interactions: Potential Implications for SARS-CoV-2 Infection (COVID-19) - Laurent Hiffler and Benjamin Rakotoambinina - Source: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2020.00164
Reduction and Functional Exhaustion of T Cells in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 COVID-19 - Bo Diao, Chenhui Wang, Yingjun Tan, Xiewan Chen, Ying Liu, Lifen Ning, Li Chen, Min Li, Yueping Liu, Gang Wang, Zilin Yuan, Zeqing Feng, Yi Zhang, Yuzhang Wu and Yongwen Chen† - Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2020.00827/full
Epstein-barr | Mononucleosis | About Virus | Mono – Source: https://www.cdc.gov/epstein-barr/about-ebv.html
Physiological effects of endotoxin - Opulus, Portal for the Pharmaceutical Industry - Source: http://www.opulus.hu/microcontamination/endotoxin/effects/effects.asp
Gram negative sepsis and shock - S.H. Landesman, S.L. Gorbach - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/358039/
Changes in the prevalence of multidrug-resistant pathogens and their implications in the intensive care unit - Orsolya Szűcs; Katalin Kristóf; Katalin Darvas; Ákos Csomós - Source: http://repo.lib.semmelweis.hu/handle/123456789/731
Bacteriophages Could Be a Potential Game Changer in the Trajectory of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) - Marcin W. Wojewodzic - Source: https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/phage.2020.0014
Synthesis, structure-activity relationships and biological evaluation of dehydroandrographolide and andrographolide derivatives as novel anti-hepatitis B virus agents - Hao Chenab Yun-BaoMa, Xiao-Yan Huanga, Chang-An Geng, Yong Zhao, Li-Jun Wang, Rui-Hua Guoa, Wen-Juan Liangab, Xue-Mei Zhanga, Ji-Jun Chena - Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0960894X1400287X?viaihub
In silico analysis of phytochemicals as potential inhibitors of proteases involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection –
Palaniyandi Umadevi, Subramanian Manivannan, Abdulkabeer Muhammed Fayad, Sreekumar Shelvy - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33372574/
PelC is a Pseudomonas aeruginosa outer membrane lipoprotein of the OMA family of proteins involved in exopolysaccharide transport - Perrine Vasseura, Chantal Soscia, Romé Voulhoux, Alain Fillouxa - Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0300908407000971?viaihub
Cloning and analysis of the gene for the major outer membrane lipoprotein from Pseudomonas aeruginosa - P. Cornelis, A. Bouia, A. Belarbi, A. Guyonvarch, B. Kammerer, V. Hannaert, J. C. Hubert - Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1989.tb00187.x
EGYVIR: An immunomodulatory herbal extract with potent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 –
Wael H Roshdy, Helmy A Rashed, Ahmed Kandeil, Ahmed Mostafa, Yassmin Moatasim, Omnia Kutkat, Noura M Abo Shama, Mokhtar R Gomaa, Ibrahim H El-Sayed, Nancy M El Guindy, Amal Naguib, Ghazi Kayali, Mohamed A Ali - Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33206688/
Study Finds Cannabis Compounds Prevent Infection By Covid-19 Virus - A.J. Herrington - Source: https://www-forbes-com.cdn.ampproject.org/c/s/www.forbes.com/sites/ajherrington/2022/01/11/study-finds-cannabis-compounds-prevent-infection-by-covid-19-virus/amp/
The World Health Council (WCH) has published a protocol for the neutralisation of spike proteins - Dr Joseph Mercola - Source: https://civilekatisztanlatasert.hu/az-egeszsegugyi-vilagtanacs-wch-kozreadta-a-tuskefeherjek-semlegesitesi-protokolljat/